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Placebo
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HMW-HA (Yabro®)
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p-value
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Demographics
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N
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21
|
20
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Age
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74.2 ± 10
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77.4 ± 8.5
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0.85
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Male (%)
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35
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35
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1.00
|
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Medical History (% of patients with history)
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Home O2 therapy
|
57
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55
|
1.00
|
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COPD exacerbation requiring hospitalization in past year
|
43
|
30
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0.52
|
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Home NIV use
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19
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15
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1.00
|
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Coronary Artery Disease
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57
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60
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0.85
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Neurovascular Disease
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9.5
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25
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0.19
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Chronic Kidney Disease
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19
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25
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0.64
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Diabetes
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29
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40
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0.44
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Hypertension
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62
|
85
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0.09
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Past Pneumonia
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38
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25
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0.37
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Peptic Ulcer Disease
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0
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15
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0.06
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IADL Score
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4.9 ± 2.6
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4.7 ± 2.0
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0.83
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Admission Vital Signs
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Mean arterial pressure (mmHg)
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89 ± 9
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87 ± 12
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0.70
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Heart Rate (per minute)
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75 ± 10
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81 ± 11
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0.10
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Respiratory Rate (per minute)
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27 ± 5
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27 ± 4
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0.73
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Temperature (°C)
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36.0 ± 0.4
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35.9 ± 0.5
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0.47
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Body Mass Index
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26.9 ± 8.6
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24.7 ± 5.7
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0.50
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Admission Respiratory Parameters
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FiO2 (%)
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27 ± 8
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29 ± 7
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0.38
|
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PaO2 (mmHg)
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62 ± 12
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60 ± 15
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0.59
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PaCO2 (mmHg)
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66 ± 13
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63 ± 9
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0.40
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pH
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7.34 ± 0.04
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7.34 ± 0.04
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0.95
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IPAP
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16.1 ± 3.4
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16.3 ± 3.8
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0.70
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PEEP
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6.1 ± 1.1
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5.5 ± 0.7
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0.10
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Admission Laboratory Values
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Na (mEq/L)
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138 ± 3
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139 ± 3
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0.96
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K (mEq/L)
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4.1 ± 0.4
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4.0 ± 0.5
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0.21
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Creatinine (mg/dL)
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1.0 ± 0.5
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1.0 ± 0.6
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0.96
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Hematocrit (%)
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40.2 ± 6.4
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39.8 ± 12.1
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0.90
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WBC (× 1,000 cells/µL)
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10.2 ± 4.2
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9.8 ± 3.9
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0.74
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APACHE II score
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14.9 ± 2.7
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14.7 ± 3.7
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0.85
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Positive sputum culture
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4/21#
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3/20*
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1.00
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- Groups do not differ with regards to demographics, medical history, or admission vital signs, respiratory parameters or laboratory values (entered as average ± SD). p-values calculated by Student’s t-test or Wilcoxon (depending on normality of the data), or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables. IADL = Score for Instrumental Activities of Daily Living [58]. FiO2 = fraction of inhaled oxygen. PaO2 = Partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood. PaCO2 = Partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood. IPAP = inspiratory positive airway pressure. PEEP = positive end-expiratory pressure. WBC = white blood cell count. APACHE = Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation [59]
- # One patient each with methicillin-resistant S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, and E. coli + P. aeruginosa
- * One patient each with methicillin-resistant S. aureus, H. influenzae, and E. coli + H. influenzae + P. aeruginosa
